■ Period of Koxinga, 1661~1683

Reign:
In 1661, Koxinga expelled the Dutch and in December re-named Zeelandia Castle as Imperial Castle, began the regin of Koxinga. And at the same time, Cheng set two counties—Tiansin and Wanian, in north and south part Taiwan.

Koxinga kept the Dutch's system. Chentian-Fu was in charged of administration and Anping was in charge of military affairs. Besides geographical feature, Anping Fort had the most complete scale of equipments and during several times of reinforcement by the Dutch, Anping Fort had a 3-layer structure . The upper one had about 900 level grounds with western fortress and the middle was the meeting room and offices. As for the lower one was a store for weapons, ammunition and food. There were a police office, a court, markets, a jail and a public place of entertainment in Anping street.

In 1662, Koxinga died in Anping and the revolution against China was stopped. His son—Cheng Jing took over the political power and he renamed East capital as Tongning, Tiansin county and Wanian county were changed into providence.

In 1681, Cheng Jing died at his forty and the general-Feng killed the inheritor and supported another leader—Cheng Ke-Shuang (Koxinga's grandson). The revolution finally failed.

In 1683, Cheng Ke-Shuang gave into Ching Court and their regime of Taiwan was over.

Trading and Interior Affairs:
In Koxinga's reign, most of the trading was from Japan and every year over 50 merchantmen came from Japan. We exported sugar and deer skin to Japan and imported cannons, swords and helmets. The ships traded to Luzon, Brunei, Okinawa, Cambodia and so on. Later they signed the trading treaty with British merchants for exporting deer skin and sugar to exchang British's gun and gunpowder. By the way, they also had merchant houses in Anping and A-Moy.
Because Tayouan was choked with silt during the end of the Dutch occupation and Luermen had the strategic superiority so when Cheng came to Taiwan, Luermen became on of the big three ports of Taijiang river with Anping and Chihkan.

In order to consolidate their power, the Dutch introduced churches into Taiwan and In Koxinga's reign, they brought Han's literature and traditional religion. Koxinga built Confucius Temple as the first school in Taiwan. They also built Matsu Temple to consecrate Matsu. This temple became the main belief of the Chinese people came from China. Because lots of Chinese people immigrated to Taiwan during this period, Chinese people became the main residents of Taiwan.

Literature:
Koxinga's reign inherited Ming Dynasty's legitimism. According to "Taiwan History" written by Lian-Heng, over 800 literati and officialdom followed Koxinga to Taiwan.

Shen Guang-Wen was the founder of Taiwan's literature. Taiwan's poetry, literature were all started from him. He was the advocator of immigration literature, country literature, hermit literature and folk literature. Koxinga treated him with honor. But with some articles offended Cheng Jing's court, finally he withdrew himself from society. His writings has a deep and far influence in Taiwan's literature.